Abstract

Climate change is increasingly recognized as a major determinant of human health and a powerful modifier of environmental exposures. The exposome, which encompasses the cumulative environmental, chemical, physical, and biological exposures experienced throughout life, provides a valuable framework for understanding how environmental change influences toxicologic risk. Emerging evidence indicates that climate-related changes influence a broad range of toxicologic conditions, including substance use disorders, medication-related toxicity, envenomation, environmental exposures, and mental health outcomes. This mini-review examines the intersection between climate change, the exposome, and clinical toxicology. Integrating climate-related determinants and exposome-based perspectives into risk assessment, surveillance, prevention, and patient care may improve the recognition of emerging hazards and strengthen responses to the evolving toxicologic challenges of a changing world.